Background and Objective: Maternal mortality rate is one of the most important indicators of social development. The present study aimed to assess the prevalence of maternal mortality and its associated factors within a decade starting from 2010. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study used available secondary data regarding maternal mortality obtained from the health center of Ilam province, Iran. Results: Based on the results, 18 cases of maternal death were reported in Ilam province during the years 2010-2019, and the maternal mortality rate was calculated at 17.86 per hundred thousand live births per year. The average age of deceased mothers was 33.44±5.38. It was found that 15 (83.33%) deceased mothers had at least one risk factor during pregnancy, and 12 (66.66%) cases lived in the city. In addition, the most common cause of maternal mortality was heart disease (27.78%). We found a series of significant relationships between maternal mortality and education (P=0.19), type of delivery (P=0.4), place of residence (P=0.49), high-risk pregnancy (P=0.118), and age (P=0.053). Conclusion:In this study, almost half of the deceased mothers were over 35 years old, which indicates the necessity of educating and encouraging women to conceive at a young age. The results of the present study pointed out that special prenatal care is necessary to reduce high-risk pregnancies.